Surgery schedules around the country may be washed out for several more weeks while a crucial IV and sterile fluids factory remains shut down for hurricane-related damage.
People often plan non-emergency surgeries in the fall and early-winter months when their insurance coverage will pick up more of the bill, but they may have to wait while health systems preserve supplies for emergencies.
"It's not great for patients, but it's kind of doing the most good with what you have," said Erin Fox, associate chief pharmacy officer at University of Utah Health.
The federal government and medical suppliers have taken several steps to help ease the supply crunch created by Hurricane Helene, which forced Baxter International to close its North Carolina plant late last month.
But experts say supplies are still choppy, and improvements will take time. Here's a closer look the situation.
What did Hurricane Helene do?
Baxter's North Cove, North Carolina, location makes about 60% of the intravenous solutions used in the U.S. every day, according to the American Hospital Association. It also makes fluids used by patients on home dialysis and sterile water used to clean patient surgery sites during operations.
But flooding triggered by the storm washed out bridges nearby and water came into the factory, forcing the shutdown. Baxter says the site sustained no structural damage.
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How has this affected patient care?
Health systems started conserving fluids shortly after the plant shut down. Some switched patients who can drink fluids to Gatorade or water instead of giving them an IV.
Hospitals also have started postponing planned procedures that can wait, like some orthopedic surgeries or heart procedures, said Dr. Chris DeRienzo, chief physician executive for the American Hospital Association.
Baxter has limited the fluids supplies it sends to distributors and health systems. The impact on a patient will depend partly on how heavily a hospital or health system relies on Baxter, said Nancy Foster, a vice president of the hospital association.
What's being done to improve supplies?
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved temporarily importing fluids from Baxter plants in several countries.
The company has also started easing some of the limits it has placed on supplies.
Baxter rival B. Braun Medical has increased production at its Daytona Beach, Florida, site, which escaped damage from another hurricane, and at a location in California.
The FDA also issued new temporary guidelines designed to make it easier for compounding pharmacies to produce certain IV drugs that are in short supply.
Will this help the IV fluids shortage?
Supply experts are optimistic that the situation will improve, but they can't say whether these moves will fill the void left by the plant shutdown.
Fox said her health system is still dealing with uncertainty because the amount Baxter has allocated to them isn't always available through their distributor.
Foster said hospitals like to have extra supply sitting on their shelves so they can handle both planned surgeries and the unexpected, but "we're not going to be there for a while."
Another complication: Hospitals and surgery centers are heading into a busy time of year. Cold and flu season fills hospital beds. Plus patients also tend to schedule more procedures toward the end of the year before their deductibles renew in January, exposing them to thousands of dollars in costs.
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When will Baxter's factory reopen?
Power and water are back on at the North Carolina plant. Employees have completed a deep cleaning in production rooms and are testing and repairing equipment.
Baxter says it wants to restart production in phases by the end of the year, and also expects to ease limits it has placed on some customer orders by then.
But the company has no timeline for production to return to pre-hurricane levels.
