(CNN) — The United Nations is coming under growing international pressure to act if Syrian activists’ claims that the government has used chemical weapons in a horrific attack on civilians are confirmed.
Anti-regime activist groups in Syria say more than 1,300 people were killed in the attack outside Damascus Wednesday, many of them women and children. Video footage and witness reports appeared to bolster claims that chemical weapons were used.
The reports prompted international outrage, with a U.N. Security Council briefing called late Wednesday to discuss the situation. However, Russia and China — consistent allies of the Syrian government — reportedly blocked a formal resolution.
Hours after the closed-door meeting, French Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius told CNN affiliate BFMTV that “a reaction of force must be taken” if the allegations are true.
“If the U.N. Security Council cannot do it, decisions will be made otherwise,” Fabius said. But, he said, sending ground troops to Syria is out of question.
Fabius also added his voice to calls for a U.N. team currently in Syria to investigate previous claims of chemical weapons use by either side to be given access to the site of the alleged massacre outside Damascus.
If the President Bashar al-Assad’s regime “has nothing to reproach itself with,” it should let the U.N. weapons inspectors investigate the alleged attack, Fabius said. “If the Syrians refuse, that means they have been caught red-handed,” he said.
Turkey urges decisive action
Speaking on a visit to Berlin, Turkish Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu called on the United Nations to act decisively, Turkey’s semi-official Anadolu news agency reported.
Davutoglu said “all red lines” have been crossed without the United Nations taking action in Syria and that the body “can’t assume an undecisive attitude about chemical weapon attacks” there.
“If the Syrian regime is confident enough, it should allow the U.N. team to investigate (the chemical attack claims) immediately,” he added.
Speaking alongside him, German Foreign Minister Guido Westerwelle said the reports from Syria “are serious and, should they be confirmed, outrageous.”
He demanded a prompt explanation of the reported chemical weapons use, and also called for the U.N. chemical weapons team to be allowed access.
“I regret that Russia and China have blocked a formal resolution of the Security Council,” Westerwelle said.
Al-Assad’s government denied the claims on state-run media Wednesday, calling them “completely baseless.”
“Everything that has been said is absurd, primitive, illogical and fabricated,” said Syrian Information Minister Omran Zoabi on state TV. He said the claim was timed by the opposition to coincide with the U.N team’s visit and came as government forces were making gains on all sides against the rebels.
CNN could not immediately verify where or when the videos were recorded, and could not authenticate the number killed or injured.
Israel: World paying lip service
Yuval Steinitz, Israeli Minister of Strategic Affairs, told Israel Radio Thursday morning that its intelligence assessments indicated that “chemical weapons were used, and they were not used for the first time.”
He accused the international community of “paying lip service” when it comes to Syria.
“Nothing practical, significant, has been done in the last two years in order to stop the continuing massacre of civilians carried out by the Assad regime,” he said. “I think that the investigation of the United Nations is a joke.”
Speaking after the Security Council meeting, U.N. Deputy Secretary-General Jan Eliasson said there was no confirmation that chemical weapons have been used but that U.N. officials are talking to the Syrian government.
The U.N. investigation team is “in place” and U.N. leaders hope they will be allowed access to the area, he said.
“We see the need to investigate this as soon as possible; no matter what the conclusions, this represents a serious escalation with grave humanitarian and human consequences,” he said.
The United Nations has said that any use of chemical weapons by any side, under any circumstances, would violate international humanitarian law.
Samantha Power, the newly appointed U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, appeared to signal a tougher approach on Syria in a comment posted on Twitter Wednesday.
“Reports devastating: 100s dead in streets, including kids killed by chem weapons. UN must get there fast & if true, perps must face justice,” she said.
The White House said Wednesday that officials were “working urgently to gather additional information.”
It called for the U.N. team in Syria to be given immediate access to witnesses and affected individuals, and to be allowed to collect evidence unhindered by the government.
“If the Syrian government has nothing to hide and is truly committed to an impartial and credible investigation of chemical weapons use in Syria, it will facilitate the U.N. team’s immediate and unfettered access to this site,” the statement said.
But U.S. senator and former presidential candidate John McCain was strongly critical of the administration’s handling of the situation in an interview with CNN’s “New Day” Thursday.
He said chemical weapons use was “obvious from the pictures when you see the dead bodies of children and women and others stacked up.”
McCain said he was “sure and confident” that al-Assad had used chemical weaponry before, and that Barack Obama’s failure to act on what the U.S. president had said would be a “red line” had given the Syrian leader a green light to use these weapons again.
McCain called for the United States to take military action from outside Syria’s borders to prevent that happening, saying it could “very easily” do what’s needed to take out Syrian runways and aircraft and establish a no-fly zone.
Witness: Convulsions, trouble breathing
Syrian rebels have been pushing since March 2011 to oust al-Assad. The war has killed more than 100,000 people and displaced millions, according to the United Nations.
There have been repeated allegations that chemical weapons were being used during the course of the conflict.
The latest alleged attack took place in eastern and western Ghouta, rebel strongholds that the regime has been fighting to take back for more than a year.
Initially Syrian opposition groups claimed that hundreds were killed Wednesday, but as the day wore on, the number went up — more than 1,300 people, according to the opposition Local Coordination Committees and the Syrian National Council. The council is an umbrella group of anti-regime activists.
Video posted Wednesday shows people carrying limp bodies, some haphazardly covered in sheets, others splayed, nearly nude, on the floor. A man is on his back, staring blankly upward, his chest convulsing violently. Others hold tissues to their mouth, appearing to gag.
Dr. Abu Said at a field hospital in Sakba, east of Damascus, told CNN how the injured started streaming in shortly after predawn prayers Wednesday. Forty of the 200 people brought to the field hospital died, Said said.
A man who referred to himself as a volunteer first responder, Abu Gazi, said he was with a doctor at a field hospital in Arbeen who reported 300 people dead and 500 wounded.
The symptoms, he said, included unconsciousness, foaming from the nose and mouth, constricted pupils, fast heartbeat and difficulty breathing. People died of asphyxiation, he said.
“The inspectors will not come,” said a resident who didn’t want his name used. “If they wanted to come, they would have come a long time ago.
“The Assad regime determines where the inspectors go, and they will not let them go there. There is already a siege around eastern Ghouta from the Assad regime.”
‘Held to account’
Rights group Human Rights Watch called Wednesday for the U.N. inspection team to be given immediate access to the area.
“Whether or not chemical weapons were used, the attack left a large number of civilians dead, and those responsible for unlawful killings should be held to account,” it said.
U.N. children’s agency UNICEF said the reports of Wednesday’s attack on civilians were deeply disturbing and that those who failed to protect children must be held accountable.
Syria’s official news agency, SANA, quoted Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif Thursday as saying the rebels must be behind any chemical weapons attack, if confirmed, as “they do not hesitate to commit any crime.”
Russian officials, meanwhile, dismissed the claims of chemical weapons as a “provocation planned in advance,” Russian Foreign Ministry spokesman Alexander Lukashevich told Interfax news agency. He suggested it was timed to coincide with the visit by the U.N. team.
CNN’s Arwa Damon, Michael Schwartz, Bryony Jones, Mohammed Tawfeeq, Christine Theodorou, Pierre Meilhan, Saad Abedine, Ashley Fantz and Jim Acosta contributed to this report.
